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Published on: August 28, 2019
Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic modeling of quantal and graded sublethal endpoints: a brief discussion of concepts
Roman Ashauer1, Annika Agatz, Carlo Albert
1Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland. roman.ashauer@eawag.ch
Abstract:
We report on the advantages and problems of using toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models for the analysis, understanding, and simulation of sublethal effects. Only a few toxicodynamic approaches for sublethal effects are available. These differ in their effect mechanism and emphasis on linkages between endpoints. We discuss how the distinction between quantal and graded endpoints and the type of linkage between endpoints can guide model design and selection. Strengths and limitations of two main approaches and possible ways forward are outlined.
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