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Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

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High impulsivity in rats predicts amphetamine conditioned place preference.

Justin R Yates¹, Julie A Marusich, Cassandra D Gipson

¹Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0509, USA.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior

|August 3, 2011

Summary

High impulsive rats show increased sensitivity to the rewarding effects of d-amphetamine (AMPH), a common ADHD medication. This suggests impulsivity may predict vulnerability to stimulant addiction.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Stimulants like d-amphetamine (AMPH) are widely prescribed for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Concerns exist regarding AMPH's reinforcing properties and potential for addiction.
Individual differences in impulsivity may influence responses to stimulant medications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if individual differences in impulsive choice predict d-amphetamine (AMPH)-induced hyperactivity and conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats.
To explore the relationship between impulsivity and vulnerability to the rewarding effects of AMPH.

Main Methods:

Rats were assessed for impulsive choice using a delay discounting procedure.
Subsequently, rats underwent conditioning for AMPH-induced CPP across various doses (0.1, 0.5, 1.5 mg/kg).

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Locomotor activity and CPP were measured to assess behavioral responses to AMPH.

Main Results:

AMPH (0.5 mg/kg) increased locomotor activity in both high impulsive (HiI) and low impulsive (LoI) rats.
HiI rats developed CPP with AMPH (0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg), while LoI rats did not.
A significant difference in CPP was observed between HiI and LoI rats at the 0.5 mg/kg AMPH dose.

Conclusions:

High impulsive rats exhibit greater sensitivity to the rewarding effects of AMPH compared to low impulsive rats.
These findings suggest that high impulsivity may be a risk factor for stimulant abuse.
Individual differences in impulsivity are critical in understanding differential responses to stimulant medications.