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Updated: May 30, 2026
06:56
Influenza Virus Propagation in Embryonated Chicken Eggs
Published on: March 19, 2015
The spread of pathogens through trade in poultry hatching eggs: overview and recent developments
1Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Biosecurity New Zealand, Policy and Risk Directorate, P.O. Box 2526, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
Summary
International poultry hatching egg trade can spread diseases like avian influenza and Newcastle disease. Adhering to OIE hygiene guidelines minimizes risks, though disease impact on eggs limits spread potential.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Science
- Animal Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- International trade in poultry hatching eggs poses a potential risk for global poultry disease dissemination.
- The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) provides guidelines for breeding flock hygiene to mitigate disease spread.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify which OIE-listed avian diseases are likely to be spread through the international trade of poultry hatching eggs.
- To assess the impact of disease prevalence on egg production and hatchability in the context of trade.
Main Methods:
- Review of OIE-listed avian diseases.
- Assessment of disease transmission routes via poultry hatching eggs.
- Evaluation of the impact of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and Newcastle disease (ND) on egg production and hatchability.
Main Results:
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), Newcastle disease (ND), and avian mycoplasmosis (Mycoplasma gallisepticum or M. synoviae) are the primary OIE-listed diseases potentially spread through hatching egg trade.
- Disease impact on egg production and hatchability, particularly for HPAI and ND, can limit their dissemination via this commodity.
Conclusions:
- Adherence to OIE breeding flock hygiene guidelines is crucial for controlling disease spread via poultry hatching eggs.
- The inherent effects of certain diseases on egg viability act as a natural constraint on their international transmission through hatching eggs.
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