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Updated: May 30, 2026

A Ligated Intestinal Loop Model in Anesthetized Specific Pathogen Free Chickens to Study Clostridium Perfringens Virulence
09:21

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Published on: October 11, 2018

Necrotic enteritis in broilers: an updated review on the pathogenesis.

L Timbermont1, F Haesebrouck, R Ducatelle

  • 1Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Research Group Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. leen.timbermont@ugent.be

Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A
|August 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Necrotic enteritis in broilers is a significant issue. The novel toxin NetB is crucial for Clostridium perfringens virulence, challenging the role of alpha toxin and highlighting other factors like proteolytic enzymes and bacteriocins.

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09:21

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Published on: October 11, 2018

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Published on: July 28, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Animal Pathology

Background:

  • Clostridium perfringens causes economically significant necrotic enteritis in broilers.
  • Alpha toxin was previously considered the primary virulence factor, but this is now disproven.
  • Virulent C. perfringens strains are specific and only cause disease under certain conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis in broilers.
  • To highlight newly discovered virulence factors and their roles.
  • To update understanding of disease mechanisms beyond alpha toxin.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on Clostridium perfringens and necrotic enteritis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating C. perfringens virulence factors, including toxins and enzymes.
  • Examination of research on strain dominance and adherence properties.

Main Results:

  • NetB, a novel pore-forming toxin, is essential for C. perfringens virulence in necrotic enteritis.
  • Alpha toxin is not essential for disease development.
  • Proteolytic enzymes, bacteriocin production, and adherence to extracellular matrix molecules also contribute to virulence.

Conclusions:

  • NetB is a critical virulence factor in avian necrotic enteritis.
  • Disease pathogenesis involves multiple factors beyond alpha toxin, including proteolytic enzymes and bacteriocins.
  • Understanding these factors is key to controlling Clostridium perfringens in broilers.