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Effectiveness of a self-efficacy program for persons with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Shu-Fang Vivienne Wu1, Mei-Chen Lee, Shu-Yuan Liang
1School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. shufang@ntunhs.edu.tw
Nursing & Health Sciences
|August 5, 2011
Summary
A self-efficacy program significantly improved self-care activities and expectations for individuals with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan. This intervention also reduced hospitalizations and emergency room visits in the short term.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Behavioral Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes management requires effective patient self-care strategies.
- Self-efficacy is a key psychological factor influencing health behaviors.
- Limited research exists on self-efficacy programs for type 2 diabetes in Taiwan.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of a self-efficacy program on self-management in Taiwanese individuals with type 2 diabetes.
- To assess changes in efficacy expectations, outcome expectations, and self-care activities.
- To determine the effect of the program on healthcare utilization.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial with 145 participants (72 intervention, 73 control).
- Intervention group received standard diabetes education plus a self-efficacy program.
- Data collected via pre-testing and 3- and 6-month follow-up post-tests.
Main Results:
- The intervention group showed significant increases in efficacy expectations, outcome expectations, and self-care activities at 3 and 6 months.
- Compared to the control group, fewer participants in the intervention group were hospitalized or visited the emergency room at 6 months.
- The self-efficacy program demonstrated short-term effectiveness.
Conclusions:
- A self-efficacy program is an acceptable and effective intervention for enhancing type 2 diabetes self-management.
- The findings support the integration of self-efficacy enhancement into diabetes care programs.
- Further research is warranted to explore long-term effects and broader applicability.
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