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Pressure-flow relations in coronary circulation.

J I Hoffman1, J A Spaan

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco.

Physiological Reviews
|April 1, 1990
PubMed
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Coronary blood vessels can collapse like "vascular waterfalls" when external pressure exceeds downstream pressure. This phenomenon is confirmed in some coronary vessels, but its role in intramural vessels remains uncertain.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Coronary blood vessels are compliant and subject to external pressures.
  • External pressure can cause vessels to collapse, acting as Starling resistors or vascular waterfalls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physics of collapsible tubes.
  • To evaluate the occurrence of vascular waterfalls in the body, particularly within the heart.

Main Methods:

  • Described the physics of collapsible tubes.
  • Evaluated evidence for vascular waterfall behavior in different coronary vessels.

Main Results:

  • Vascular waterfall behavior is well-evidenced in collateral coronary arteries and extramural coronary veins.
  • Evidence for waterfall behavior in intramural coronary vessels is inconclusive.

Related Experiment Videos

  • High tissue pressures exist around intramyocardial vessels during systole, but the exact forces are unknown.

    • Conclusions:

    • The role of vascular waterfalls in intramural coronary circulation requires further investigation.
    • The precise mechanisms of vascular compression in intramyocardial vessels are not fully understood.