Isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus

Three cases of isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tuberosity are described together with a review of six previously reported cases. Of the total cases, six had a well-documented mode of injury, in which a strong abducting force was applied to the medial aspect of the upper arm, causing exaggerated abduction and external rotation. The contracting subscapularis muscle displaces the avulsed bony insertion to a position below the glenoid to give a characteristic appearance on the radiograph. This appearance should not be confused with calcific tendonitis. The lesion may warrant surgical intervention which has been successful in half the cases.