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Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
During this process, the momentum of the fluid within the control volume remains constant over the time interval dt. By applying the...
Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving01:18

Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving

To calculate the flow rate for a trapezoidal channel, first, identify the bottom width, side slope, and flow depth of the channel. The cross-sectional area (A) corresponding to the depth of flow (y), channel bottom width (B), and side slope (θ) is determined by:Next, calculate the wetted perimeter, which includes the bottom width and the sloped side lengths in contact with the water. Using the values of the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter, determine the hydraulic radius by...
Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Characteristics of Fluids01:20

Characteristics of Fluids

When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
12:26

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Published on: August 27, 2013

Stability analysis of optofluidic transport on solid-core waveguiding structures.

Allen H J Yang1, David Erickson

  • 1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.

Nanotechnology
|August 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method to analyze the stability of optofluidic transport, specifically optical trapping of particles in waveguides. It provides diagrams detailing conditions for successful optofluidic particle manipulation.

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Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
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Published on: March 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Optofluidics and Nanoparticle Manipulation
  • Applied Electromagnetics and Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Optofluidic transport utilizes electromagnetic forces for nanoparticle manipulation.
  • Existing methods lack comprehensive stability analysis for optical trapping in microfluidic waveguides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a novel stability analysis for optical trapping of dielectric particles in integrated optofluidic waveguide systems.
  • To investigate the influence of waveguide material (polymer vs. silicon) on trapping stability.

Main Methods:

  • Employed three-dimensional finite element simulations to model electromagnetic and hydrodynamic fields.
  • Calculated net forces on particles using Maxwell and flow shear stress tensors.
  • Determined a trapping stability number by comparing particle removal energy to thermal energy.

Main Results:

  • Generated trapping stability diagrams correlating forces with experimental parameters like particle size, fluid velocity, and channel height.
  • Quantified the conditions necessary for stable optofluidic transport in both low-index and high-index waveguide structures.

Conclusions:

  • The developed stability analysis provides a robust framework for designing and optimizing optofluidic transport systems.
  • The findings enable precise control over nanoparticle manipulation in integrated microfluidic devices.