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Organotypic Tissue Model Systems for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions In Vitro

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Published on: March 28, 2025

Detailed clinical models: a review.

William Goossen¹, Anneke Goossen-Baremans, Michael van der Zel

¹ICT Innovations in Healthcare, Christelijke Hogeschool Windesheim, Windesheim University, Zwolle, The Netherlands.

Healthcare Informatics Research

|August 6, 2011

Summary

This review examines Detailed Clinical Models (DCMs) for standardizing electronic health data. It compares various initiatives, highlighting commonalities and differences to improve data analysis and interoperability.

Keywords:

Archetypes Concept Representation Detailed Clinical Models Electronic Health Records Health Level 7 Information Modeling Templates

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Organotypic Tissue Model Systems for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions In Vitro

Organotypic Tissue Model Systems for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions In Vitro

Published on: March 28, 2025

Area of Science:

Health Informatics
Clinical Data Standardization

Background:

Increasing use of electronic health records necessitates standardized data collection.
Detailed Clinical Models (DCMs) are crucial for enabling secondary data analysis.
Global initiatives aim to develop standardized DCMs.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing Detailed Clinical Models (DCMs).
To compare different DCM initiatives based on established criteria.
To identify commonalities and differences in DCM development and implementation.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of DCMs against healthcare information architectures.
Bottom-up approach analyzing concept representation.
Incorporation of core elements from the draft ISO standard 13972 for DCMs.

Main Results:

Six initiatives were reviewed: Intermountain Healthcare, OpenEHR Archetypes, Clinical Templates, Clinical Contents Models, Health Level 7 templates, and Dutch DCMs.
Evaluations focused on development, clinician involvement, data types, semantics, modeling, and governance.
Commonalities and differences were identified across the reviewed DCM initiatives.

Conclusions:

Both top-down and bottom-up analyses reveal significant commonalities and differences among DCM initiatives.
Key distinctions lie in the use of reference models and the expressiveness of the models.
Standardizing clinical data elements enhances the application of conceptual DCMs across diverse technical platforms.