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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Cerebral Edema l: Introduction01:19

Cerebral Edema l: Introduction

Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
08:26

Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

Published on: January 11, 2016

[A new framework for cerebral palsy].

K Pelc1, N Deconinck, A Monier

  • 1Clinique de Neurologie, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles.

Revue Medicale De Bruxelles
|August 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral palsy is a group of movement and posture development disorders from early brain disturbances. This review highlights recent advancements in understanding and managing cerebral palsy, including new research and services.

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Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations
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Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations

Published on: February 2, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
08:26

Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

Published on: January 11, 2016

Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations
05:04

Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations

Published on: February 2, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Context:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) is defined as disorders of movement and posture due to non-progressive fetal or infant brain disturbances.
  • CP affects approximately 0.2% of births, with significant prevalence and incidence in populations like Belgium.
  • Associated conditions include sensory, cognitive, communication, behavioral, and musculoskeletal issues, alongside epilepsy.

Purpose:

  • To review the current understanding and management of cerebral palsy.
  • To highlight recent advancements in research and clinical practice related to CP.
  • To commemorate the 20th anniversary of the H6pital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola's contributions to CP care.

Summary:

  • The abstract defines cerebral palsy and outlines its associated challenges.
  • It notes the rising interest in various aspects of CP, including learning, social participation, and therapeutic interventions like gait analysis, orthotics, and antispastic treatments.
  • The Department of Neurology at H6pital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola has actively contributed to CP research and established a reference center.

Impact:

  • Provides an overview of the current state of cerebral palsy research and clinical management.
  • Emphasizes the multidisciplinary approach required for effective cerebral palsy care.
  • Underscores the importance of specialized centers and ongoing research in improving outcomes for individuals with cerebral palsy.