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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles, which...
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.

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Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
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Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

The Génolevures database.

Tiphaine Martin1, David J Sherman, Pascal Durrens

  • 1UMR CNRS 5800, Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique, Centre de recherche Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence cedex, France.

Comptes Rendus Biologies
|August 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Génolevures database provides genome data for Saccharomycotina yeasts, enabling large-scale genomic comparisons. It supports ongoing genome annotation efforts with evolving tools for Next-Generation Sequencing data.

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Area of Science:

  • * Genomics
  • * Bioinformatics
  • * Mycology

Background:

  • * The Génolevures Consortium has conducted extensive genome annotation for yeasts within the Saccharomycotina subphylum.
  • * Existing databases require robust infrastructure to handle and compare large-scale genomic data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To establish and maintain the Génolevures online database for storing and accessing yeast genome data.
  • * To facilitate large-scale comparative genomics of Saccharomycotina yeasts.
  • * To provide tools for parallel genome annotation and data retrieval.

Main Methods:

  • * Development and implementation of a comprehensive online database (Génolevures).
  • * Utilization of the Magus annotation system for parallel genome annotation by consortium members.
  • * Organization of structured data using a REST web site architecture for automated requests.
  • * Continuous evolution of database implementation, tools, and methods.

Main Results:

  • * A publicly accessible online database storing yeast genome sequences and their elements.
  • * Data includes chromosomal elements and their logical relationships for comparative analysis.
  • * The database supports both public consultation and private annotation by consortium members.
  • * The system is designed to handle increasing volumes of data from Next-Generation Sequencing.

Conclusions:

  • * The Génolevures database serves as a vital resource for yeast comparative genomics.
  • * The database architecture and annotation system are adaptable to evolving sequencing technologies.
  • * It supports collaborative research and data sharing within the scientific community.