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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Novel Apparatus and Method for Drug Reinforcement
Published on: August 20, 2010
Realities of drug use in society
1Centre for Bioethics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract:
The objective of pharmacotherapy is to restore health or, at least, to limit illness and disability. Drug safety depends upon a strong, reliable chain from the basic science laboratory to the consumer. However, this chain is uneven in strength and the most unpredictable links involve the human factors which contribute substantially to adverse drug reactions. These include misprescribing by physicians, often because of educational deficiencies and sometimes because of the influence of manufacturers' promotional strategies, as well as noncompliance by consumers.
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