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Magnetic Fields

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis, the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.

Magnetic Field Lines

Magnetic Field Lines

The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
Magnetic field lines follow several hard-and-fast rules:

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

Published on: May 7, 2017

Independent complexity patterns in single neuron activity induced by static magnetic field.

S Spasić¹, Lj Nikolić, D Mutavdžić

¹University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department for Life Sciences, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. sladjana@ibiss.bg.ac.rs

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine

|August 9, 2011

Summary

Static magnetic fields induce fractal complexity in snail neuron activity. Two opposing intrinsic mechanisms, termed plasticity and elasticity, were identified using fractal and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) methods.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

Published on: May 7, 2017

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons

Published on: July 14, 2021

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo

Induction of an Isoelectric Brain State to Investigate the Impact of Endogenous Synaptic Activity on Neuronal Excitability In Vivo

Published on: March 31, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biophysics
Complex Systems Analysis

Background:

Neuronal activity exhibits complex dynamics.
Fractal analysis quantifies complexity in biological signals.
Static magnetic fields can influence biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the sources of fractal complexity in snail Br neuron activity under static magnetic field (SMF) exposure.
To apply fractal analysis and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for identifying underlying mechanisms.
To characterize the neuron's response to SMF stimulation.

Main Methods:

Fractal dimension (FD) estimation using Higuchi's algorithm.
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and FastICA for Independent Component Analysis (ICA).
Analysis of electrophysiological signals from snail Br neurons before, during, and after SMF exposure (2.7 mT).

Main Results:

Two independent components (ICs) were isolated from the fractal complexity distributions.
These ICs represent distinct intrinsic mechanisms contributing to neuronal complexity.
The identified components were labeled as 'plasticity' and 'elasticity', suggesting opposing responses to SMF.

Conclusions:

The combination of fractal analysis and ICA is effective for decomposing and identifying sources of fractal complexity in neuronal activity.
Snail Br neurons exhibit dual intrinsic mechanisms in response to static magnetic field stimulation.
This study provides insights into the biophysical effects of magnetic fields on neuronal function.