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Updated: May 30, 2026

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

Comprehensive epigenetic analysis using oral rinse samples: a pilot study.

Takanobu Kusumoto¹, Tomofumi Hamada, Norishige Yamada

¹Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

|August 9, 2011

Summary

Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of oral rinse samples is now possible. This new method allows comprehensive epigenetic analysis, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, for oral cancer research.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Epigenetics
Cancer Research

Background:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) research often relies on invasive tissue biopsies.
Non-invasive methods for analyzing epigenetic alterations in OSCC are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay feasibility using oral rinse samples.
To develop a protocol for comprehensive epigenetic analysis (DNA methylation, histone modification, gene expression) from oral rinses.

Main Methods:

ChIP assay, methylation-specific PCR, and gene expression analysis (RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry) were performed.
Oral rinse samples were collected from OSCC patients and healthy subjects.
Analysis focused on the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A and histone H3 modifications (dimethylation, acetylation).

Main Results:

The developed protocol successfully enabled comprehensive epigenetic analysis of oral rinse samples.
Patients tolerated the mouth-rinsing procedure with normal saline.
Specific histone modifications, including H3 lysine 9 dimethylation and hypoacetylation, were observed in OSCC patients but not healthy controls.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates the first successful application of ChIP analysis on oral rinse samples.
Oral rinse samples are a viable source for analyzing chromatin modifications.
Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to investigate the role of histone modifications in OSCC carcinogenesis.