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Related Concept Videos

Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
05:22

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Published on: February 13, 2026

Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Piotr Milkiewicz1, Ewa Wunsch

  • 1Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, M.Curie Hospital, Arkonska 4, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland. p.milkiewicz@wp.pl

Recent Results in Cancer Research. Fortschritte Der Krebsforschung. Progres Dans Les Recherches Sur Le Cancer
|August 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic liver disease affecting bile ducts. Research explores its causes, clinical features, and cancer risks, as no cure currently exists.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, progressive liver disease affecting intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts.
  • Its etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic, autoimmune, inflammatory, and potential infectious factors.
  • PSC predominantly affects males (over two-thirds) and frequently co-occurs with inflammatory bowel disease (up to 70%).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the pathogenesis of PSC.
  • To discuss the clinical manifestations and diagnostic approaches for PSC.
  • To examine the increased risk of malignancies associated with PSC, particularly cholangiocarcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on PSC pathogenesis, clinical aspects, and associated malignancies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
05:22

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Published on: February 13, 2026

  • Diagnostic standards including Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) are highlighted.
  • Discussion of current treatment limitations and the role of liver transplantation.

    • Main Results:

    • PSC pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, with multiple contributing factors.
    • Diagnosis relies on advanced imaging techniques like ERCP and MRCP.
    • PSC carries a significant risk of cholangiocarcinoma (12%) and can lead to liver failure.

    Conclusions:

    • Currently, no curative treatment for PSC is available.
    • Liver transplantation is a necessary option for patients with liver failure or recurrent cholangitis.
    • Ongoing research is crucial for understanding PSC pathogenesis and developing effective therapies.