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Memory training impacts short-term changes in aging white matter: a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study.

Andreas Engvig1, Anders M Fjell, Lars T Westlye

  • 1Center for the Study of Human Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. andreas.engvig@gmail.com

Human Brain Mapping
|August 9, 2011
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive training may enhance white matter microstructure in older adults. Memory improvement correlated with increased fractional anisotropy, suggesting myelin-related plasticity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Cognitive training benefits older adults, but underlying neural mechanisms are unclear.
  • Neuroimaging, particularly diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), can reveal brain structure changes.
  • White matter (WM) alterations occur with aging, but training's impact is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of intensive memory training on white matter microstructure in older adults.
  • To explore the relationship between cognitive improvement and structural brain changes.

Main Methods:

  • Used tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) for longitudinal analysis of DTI data.
  • Recruited 41 older adults (mean age 61) into intervention and control groups.
  • Conducted MRI scans and neuropsychological assessments before and after 8 weeks of training.

Main Results:

  • Longitudinal analysis showed increased frontal mean diffusivity (MD) over 10 weeks.
  • The memory training group exhibited a relative increase in fractional anisotropy (FA) compared to controls.
  • Memory improvement was significantly correlated with changes in FA, possibly linked to radial diffusivity and myelin.

Conclusions:

  • DTI is sensitive to age-related white matter alterations.
  • Intensive memory training can positively modulate white matter microstructure in older adults.
  • Observed changes suggest myelin-related plasticity contributes to cognitive enhancement.