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Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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A highly oriented cubic phase formed by lipids under shear.

Annela M Seddon1, Gudrun Lotze, Tomás S Plivelic

  • 1H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, United Kingdom. annela.seddon@bristol.ac.uk

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Controlled hydration and shear flow create aligned inverse bicontinuous cubic (Q(II)) lipid phases from sponge (L(3)) phases. This robust method yields highly aligned Q(II) samples for nanomaterial templating and protein research.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Lipid phases, such as the sponge (L(3)) and inverse bicontinuous cubic (Q(II)), are crucial in biological systems and materials science.
  • Controlling the structure and orientation of these phases is essential for advanced applications.
  • Existing methods for producing aligned lipid phases can be complex or limited in scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel method for forming macroscopically oriented inverse bicontinuous cubic (Q(II)) lipid phases.
  • To investigate the transition from a sponge (L(3)) phase to an oriented Q(II) phase under controlled conditions.
  • To establish a robust and generalizable route for producing aligned bulk Q(II) samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a monoolein/butanediol/water system as the starting sponge (L(3)) phase.
  • Applying controlled hydration to alter the system's composition.
  • Inducing shear flow in capillary and Couette geometries to orient the forming cubic phase.
  • Characterizing the resulting lipid phases to confirm structure and orientation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated the formation of a macroscopically oriented inverse bicontinuous cubic (Q(II)) phase from an L(3) phase.
  • Showed that controlled hydration and shear flow induce the transition to a diamond (Q(II)(D)) cubic phase.
  • Confirmed that the orientation of the Q(II)(D) phase is achieved through shear flow in different geometries.
  • Validated the robustness and generalizability of the method across capillary and Couette flow.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled hydration during shear flow provides a robust route to macroscopically oriented Q(II) lipid phases.
  • This method offers a scalable approach for producing highly aligned bulk Q(II) samples.
  • The aligned Q(II) phases have significant potential applications in nanomaterial templating and protein structure research.