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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

The glenoid in total shoulder arthroplasty.

Mark Schrumpf1, Travis Maak, Sommer Hammoud

  • 1Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA, schrumpfm@hss.edu.

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
|August 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Total shoulder arthroplasty is common for glenohumeral arthrosis, but glenoid component failure is a frequent issue. This review covers glenoid anatomy, design, fixation, failure causes, and management strategies for total shoulder replacements.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Arthroplasty Research

Background:

  • Glenohumeral arthrosis management frequently involves total shoulder prosthesis implantation.
  • Glenoid component failure is a primary reason for total shoulder arthroplasty revision.
  • Understanding of glenoid component issues has advanced since the 1970s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty.
  • To discuss the challenges associated with glenoid failure.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of glenoid management and alternatives.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of glenoid component in total shoulder arthroplasty.
  • Analysis of anatomical considerations.
  • Examination of component design and fixation techniques.
  • Review of failure modes and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Glenoid component failure remains a significant challenge in total shoulder arthroplasty.
  • Various factors contribute to glenoid failure, including design, fixation, and patient-specific issues.
  • Current management strategies for glenoid failure are evolving.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of glenohumeral arthrosis requires addressing glenoid component longevity.
  • Continued research into glenoid design, fixation, and failure mechanisms is crucial.
  • Alternatives to glenoid replacement should be considered in specific cases.