Long-term effects of brief dynamic psychotherapy

The author addresses the use of transference interpretations in brief dynamic psychotherapy, length of treatment needed for limited characterological changes, and selection criteria for this treatment modality. Prior research has suggested that (a) frequent use of transference interpretations should be avoided in brief dynamic psychotherapy, (b) patients with personality disorders or a history of low-quality interpersonal relationships need more than 30-35 sessions to achieve stable dynamic changes, and (c) quality of interpersonal relationships is the best pretreatment predictor of long-term changes. This study examines specific effects of the moderate use of transference interpretations. Possible mediators of long-term effects (i.e., insight or identification with the therapist) are also tested. The author's experiences regarding the interface between research and clinical practice are discussed.