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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Development of Amelogenin-chitosan Hydrogel for In Vitro Enamel Regrowth with a Dense Interface

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Published on: July 10, 2014

Chymotrypsin C (caldecrin) is associated with enamel development.

R S Lacruz¹, C E Smith, S M Smith

¹Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA. rodrigo@usc.edu

Journal of Dental Research

|August 11, 2011

Summary

Researchers discovered the serine protease chymotrypsin C (CTRC) is highly expressed in rat incisor enamel during maturation. This finding suggests CTRC may play a role in enamel development and biomineralization.

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Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials

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Published on: July 8, 2021

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Developmental Biology
Enamel Biology

Background:

Amelogenesis involves extracellular matrix protein cleavage by proteases.
Matrix metalloprotease-20 (MMP20) and kallikrein-related peptidase-4 (KLK4) are key proteases in enamel formation.
Mutations in MMP20 and KLK4 lead to abnormal enamel phenotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the expression and potential role of chymotrypsin C (CTRC) in the developing enamel organ.
To determine if CTRC is involved in enamel biomineralization.

Main Methods:

Whole-genome microarray analysis of rat incisor enamel organ cells.
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) to confirm CTRC mRNA expression.
Western blot analysis to confirm CTRC protein expression.

Main Results:

CTRC was significantly up-regulated (> 11-fold) during the enamel maturation stage.
CTRC expression profile in the enamel organ mirrors that of KLK4, increasing during maturation.
CTRC mRNA levels were lower than KLK4 mRNA levels during maturation.

Conclusions:

CTRC, previously thought to be pancreas-specific, is expressed in the developing enamel organ.
CTRC expression increases during enamel maturation, suggesting a potential role in this stage.
The discovery of CTRC in enamel development opens new avenues for understanding enamel biomineralization regulation.