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The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

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Published on: October 20, 2022

Indirect reciprocity under incomplete observation.

Mitsuhiro Nakamura1, Naoki Masuda

  • 1Department of Mathematical Informatics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Plos Computational Biology
|August 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Indirect reciprocity promotes cooperation by rewarding good reputations. This study shows that a "trustful discriminator" strategy can foster cooperation even when reputations are incomplete for both players and observers.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Game Theory
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Indirect reciprocity facilitates cooperation in social dilemmas without repeated interactions.
  • Previous research focused on incomplete information for interacting players, neglecting observer information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate indirect reciprocity when reputations are incomplete for both interacting players and observers.
  • To identify strategies and social norms that sustain cooperation under information uncertainty.

Main Methods:

  • Game-theoretic analysis of indirect reciprocity models.
  • Examination of player and observer information completeness.
  • Simulation of different social norms and player strategies.

Main Results:

  • The "trustful discriminator" strategy, cooperating with unknown and good-reputation players while defecting against bad-reputation players, establishes cooperative societies under seven social norms.
  • Three "suspicious" norms, where actions towards unknown players influence reputation, enable cooperation even with low observation probabilities.
  • Three "trustful" norms, where both cooperation and defection towards unknown players yield good reputations, prove relatively efficient.

Conclusions:

  • Incomplete information for observers significantly impacts indirect reciprocity dynamics.
  • Specific social norms and the "trustful discriminator" strategy are crucial for maintaining cooperation in large societies with imperfect reputation knowledge.
  • Cooperation is achievable even when individuals lack complete information about others' reputations.