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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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A Dorsal Skinfold Window Chamber Tumor Mouse Model for Combined Intravital Microscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Translational Cancer Research
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Theranostics: combining imaging and therapy.

Sneha S Kelkar1, Theresa M Reineke

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular and Interfaces Institute Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States.

Bioconjugate Chemistry
|August 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Theranostic nanoparticles combine diagnosis and therapy for personalized medicine, especially in cancer treatment. This review highlights strategies integrating imaging with treatments like chemotherapy and hyperthermia for better drug delivery and efficacy monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Theranostic nanoparticles offer a dual approach, integrating therapeutic and diagnostic functions into a single platform.
  • This integrated strategy is crucial for advancing personalized medicine, particularly in oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of theranostic nanoparticle strategies for disease diagnosis and treatment.
  • To emphasize the application of these strategies in cancer therapy and imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing various theranostic approaches combining therapeutic modalities (nucleic acid delivery, chemotherapy, hyperthermia, photodynamic, radiation therapy) with imaging functionalities.
  • Discussing the integration of different imaging probes (MRI, fluorescent, PET/SPECT agents) with therapeutic agents or delivery vehicles.

Main Results:

  • Outlined strategies for in vitro and in vivo theranostic applications, focusing on cancer.
  • Detailed how imaging probes provide insights into drug trafficking, delivery kinetics, and therapeutic effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Theranostic nanoparticles represent a promising frontier in personalized cancer medicine.
  • Creative integration of therapies and imaging modalities is driving significant advancements in the field.