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Related Concept Videos

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

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Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay
07:08

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay

Published on: September 30, 2025

Apolipoprotein A-V; a potent triglyceride reducer.

Stefan K Nilsson1, Joerg Heeren, Gunilla Olivecrona

  • 1Department of Medical Biosciences, Physiological Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden. Stefan.Nilsson@medbio.umu.se

Atherosclerosis
|August 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) significantly impacts plasma triglyceride levels. This review explores how apoA-V reduces triglycerides through various proposed mechanisms, including effects on VLDL production and lipoprotein clearance.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay
07:08

High-Density Lipoprotein-Specific Phospholipid Efflux Assay

Published on: September 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) is a key regulator of plasma triglyceride (TG) levels in humans and mice.
  • Genetic variations in the APOA5 gene, including single nucleotide polymorphisms and nonsense mutations, are linked to hypertriglyceridemia and chylomicronemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the proposed mechanisms by which apolipoprotein A-V reduces plasma triglyceride levels.
  • To evaluate the evidence supporting different hypotheses regarding apoA-V function in TG metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating apolipoprotein A-V function.
  • Analysis of genetic data linking APOA5 variations to TG levels.
  • Discussion of proposed molecular and cellular mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • ApoA-V plays a crucial role in extracellular triglyceride metabolism.
  • Evidence supports apoA-V's function as a lipoprotein receptor ligand.
  • The hypothesis of an intracellular role for apoA-V in VLDL production remains speculative.

Conclusions:

  • ApoA-V influences plasma TG through extracellular mechanisms, potentially involving lipoprotein lipase stimulation and enhanced receptor-mediated clearance.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the speculative intracellular functions of apoA-V in lipoprotein metabolism.