Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tobacco use increases lesion burden in familial cerebral cavernous malformation syndrome.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·2024
Same author

MR Imaging of Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis: Updated Evidence on High-Risk Plaque Features and Emerging Trends.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2023
Same author

Advances in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment: Current Status and Future Directions.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2023
Same author

Nonstenotic Carotid Plaques and Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: A Multimodality Review.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2022
Same author

Learning Curve for Flow Diversion of Posterior Circulation Aneurysms: A Long-Term International Multicenter Cohort Study.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2022
Same author

Reassessing the Carotid Artery Plaque "Rim Sign" on CTA: A New Analysis with Histopathologic Confirmation.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
05:39

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma.

E P Flanagan1, B P O'Neill, A B Porter

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Neurology
|August 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma (PISCL) is a rare myelopathy often misdiagnosed. Characteristic MRI findings and biopsy are key for diagnosis, but outcomes remain poor despite treatment.

More Related Videos

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
05:39

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma (PISCL) is a rare myelopathy.
  • PISCL is often underrecognized, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the presentation, imaging characteristics, and outcomes of PISCL.
  • To improve the recognition and diagnosis of PISCL.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records, lymphoma database, and autopsies (1996-2009).
  • Inclusion criteria: clinical myelopathic presentation, intramedullary spinal cord abnormalities, pathologically confirmed CNS lymphoma.
  • Exclusion criteria: extramedullary lymphoma, secondary intramedullary lymphoma, other myelopathic causes.

Main Results:

  • 14 patients (median age 62.5 years, 71% male) were identified.
  • Diagnosis was delayed a median of 8 months; common misdiagnosis was CNS demyelinating disease.
  • Spinal MRI showed multifocal, enhancing lesions, often involving conus medullaris/cauda equina.
  • Treatment with IV methotrexate had high recurrence rates; 50% were wheelchair-dependent by 10 months; 2-year survival was 36%.

Conclusions:

  • PISCL mimics other myelopathies, necessitating high clinical suspicion.
  • Characteristic spinal MRI findings include multifocal lesions with persistent enhancement, particularly in the conus medullaris/cauda equina.
  • Pathologic confirmation, often via CNS biopsy, is crucial.
  • Morbidity and mortality remain high despite chemotherapy.