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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Manipulation and tracking of superparamagnetic nanoparticles using MRI.

Nicholas J Darton1, Andrew J Sederman, Adrian Ionescu

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, UK.

Nanotechnology
|August 12, 2011
PubMed
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Superparamagnetic nanoparticles can be tracked and guided using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hardware for targeted cancer therapy. This non-invasive approach shows promise for treating inoperable tumors with enhanced drug delivery.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers non-invasive tracking capabilities.
  • Superparamagnetic nanoparticles show potential for targeted drug delivery.
  • Inoperable tumors present a significant challenge in cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the use of MRI hardware for real-time tracking and guidance of superparamagnetic nanoparticles.
  • To assess the feasibility of using these nanoparticles for targeted chemotherapeutic delivery in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles using a scalable method.
  • In vitro experiments utilizing MRI hardware to drive and track nanoparticle movement.
  • Force balance calculations and dynamic light scattering measurements to characterize nanoparticle behavior.

Main Results:

  • Superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via a scalable method.
  • Real-time, high-velocity in vitro tracking and driving of nanoparticles using MRI hardware were achieved.
  • Particle behavior was consistent with magnetic properties and collective movement of agglomerates.

Conclusions:

  • MRI hardware can effectively track and guide superparamagnetic nanoparticles.
  • This technology presents a promising non-invasive method for targeted cancer therapy.
  • Further development could lead to improved treatment strategies for inoperable tumors.