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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

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Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis

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Topical steroid for chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps.

Kornkiat Snidvongs¹, Larry Kalish, Raymond Sacks

¹Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|August 12, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Topical corticosteroids offer a benefit for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) without polyps, improving symptoms. Direct sinus delivery of steroids may enhance effectiveness, though more research is needed on optimal methods and duration.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Pharmacology

Background:

Topical corticosteroids are a component of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) management without polyps.
Evidence for their overall benefit is limited, with varying delivery methods impacting efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate topical steroid efficacy in CRS patients without polyps.
To conduct a meta-analysis of symptom improvement, including subgroup analyses based on prior sinus surgery and delivery methods.

Main Methods:

A systematic search of multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, etc.) was conducted up to July 2010.
Included randomized trials comparing topical corticosteroids to placebo, no treatment, or other topical steroids for CRS without polyps.
Data extraction and analysis were performed by two independent reviewers.

Main Results:

Ten studies (590 patients) met inclusion criteria, with low to medium risk of bias.
Topical steroids significantly improved sino-nasal symptoms compared to placebo (SMD -0.37, P=0.002) and increased responder rates (RR 1.69, P=0.002).
Direct sinus delivery showed greater benefit than simple nasal delivery (P=0.04); no significant differences were found for surgery status, quality of life, or adverse events.

Conclusions:

Topical corticosteroids are beneficial for CRS without polyps, with minor adverse effects.
Direct delivery to the sinuses may offer enhanced benefits.
Further research is needed on optimal delivery methods and treatment durations exceeding 12 weeks.