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Occupational therapy interventions for chronic diseases: a scoping review
Carri Hand1, Mary Law, Mary Ann McColl
1School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, IAHS 403, 1400 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 1C7. handc@mcmaster.ca
Summary
Community occupational therapy interventions effectively improve daily functioning and quality of life for adults with chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes. This review highlights the positive impact of occupational therapy on overall well-being.
Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Chronic Disease Management
- Occupational Therapy
Background:
- Community occupational therapy is increasingly recognized for its role in managing chronic conditions.
- Evidence synthesis is needed to understand its effectiveness in improving occupational outcomes.
- Adults with chronic diseases often face challenges in daily living and functional independence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence on the effectiveness of community occupational therapy interventions for adults with chronic diseases.
- To assess the impact of these interventions on occupational outcomes when delivered individually or as part of a multidisciplinary team.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1988 and 2008.
- Included studies focused on participants with heart disease, depression, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, or diabetes.
Main Results:
- Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria.
- Ten studies reported significant improvements in activities of daily living, self-efficacy, social/work function, psychological health, general health, or quality of life.
- Evidence regarding physical function and health outcomes was conflicting.
Conclusions:
- Community occupational therapy demonstrates effectiveness in enhancing occupational outcomes for adults with chronic diseases.
- Occupational therapists play a vital role in addressing the needs of this population.
- Further utilization of this evidence can strengthen the role of occupational therapy in chronic care.
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