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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

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Modeling Tuberculosis in Mycobacterium marinum Infected Adult Zebrafish
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[Human genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis].

Naoto Keicho1, Minako Hijikata, Shinsaku Sakurada

  • 1Department of Respiratory Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 16, 2011
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Summary

Tuberculosis susceptibility involves genetic factors, similar to diabetes and hypertension. Recent genome-wide studies aim to identify at-risk individuals for effective tuberculosis prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and genomics
  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health challenge.
  • Genetic predisposition plays a crucial role in TB susceptibility, akin to diabetes and hypertension.
  • Previous studies using linkage analysis and candidate genes have identified potential TB susceptibility genes, but results are often inconsistent.

Purpose:

  • To review the current understanding of genetic factors in tuberculosis susceptibility.
  • To highlight the limitations of previous genetic association studies.
  • To emphasize the potential of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and large-scale collaborative efforts for TB risk identification and prevention.

Summary:

  • Genetic predisposition is a significant factor in tuberculosis (TB) development.
  • Past research identified several susceptibility genes (e.g., NRAMP1, VDR, MBL), but findings lacked consistency due to confounding non-genetic factors and insufficient systematic approaches.
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and international collaborations are emerging as powerful tools to overcome these limitations.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of the genetic basis of TB susceptibility.
  • Potential identification of individuals at high risk for developing TB.
  • Development of more effective strategies for tuberculosis prevention and control through genetic insights.