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Related Concept Videos

Induction01:16

Induction

An emf is induced when the magnetic field in a coil is changed by pushing a bar magnet into or out of the coil. emfs of opposite signs are produced by motion in opposite directions, and the directions of emfs are also reversed by reversing poles. The same results are produced if the coil is moved rather than the magnet—it is the relative motion that is important. The faster the motion, the greater the emf. Additionally, there is no emf when the magnet is stationary relative to the coil.
A...
Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...

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Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness
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Controversies about induction therapy.

G Ippoliti1, C Pellegrini, V Nieswandt

  • 1Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Cardiac Surgery and Thoracic Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. g-ippoliti@libero.it

Transplantation Proceedings
|August 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Induction therapy uses intense immunosuppression post-transplant to manage immune responses. It includes depleting and nondepleting antibodies, with benefits and drawbacks discussed.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Induction therapy involves intense immunosuppression immediately after organ transplantation.
  • It aims to mitigate the intense alloimmune response upon initial donor antigen exposure.
  • This therapy can facilitate delayed calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) initiation in renal failure patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define induction therapy in transplantation.
  • To categorize induction agents into depleting and nondepleting types.
  • To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of induction therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current induction therapy strategies.
  • Classification of induction agents based on mechanism of action (depleting vs. nondepleting).
  • Discussion of specific antibody types including polyclonal, anti-CD3, anti-CD25, anti-CD52, and CTLA4-Ig.

Main Results:

  • Induction therapy is categorized into depleting (e.g., antithymocyte globulin, OKT3, alemtuzumab) and nondepleting (e.g., daclizumab, basiliximab, belatacept) antibodies.
  • The choice of therapy depends on managing the acute immune response and patient-specific factors.
  • Specific agents target different immune pathways to achieve immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

  • Induction therapy is a critical component of post-transplant management.
  • Understanding the different categories and agents is essential for optimizing immunosuppressive strategies.
  • Balancing efficacy and safety profiles of induction agents is key to successful transplantation outcomes.