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Related Concept Videos

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Physiological Foundation of Stress01:24

Physiological Foundation of Stress

Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
Types of Fever01:25

Types of Fever

Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:
Stress Response System01:21

Stress Response System

The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's initial...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice
08:22

A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice

Published on: July 1, 2021

Malignant hyperthermia: human stress triggering.

Gerald A Gronert, Joseph R Tobin, Sheila Muldoon

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |August 16, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This letter highlights the omission of the human stress response in discussions of awake malignant hyperthermia in pigs. It emphasizes the importance of including human malignant hyperthermia stress reactions for a complete understanding.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine
    • Veterinary Anesthesia
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a severe, unpredictable reaction to certain anesthetic agents.
    • Previous discussions on awake porcine malignant hyperthermia have focused on animal models.
    • The stress reaction of malignant hyperthermia in humans is a critical aspect often overlooked in comparative studies.

    Observation:

    • A recent discussion on awake porcine malignant hyperthermia failed to address the human stress response.
    • This omission limits the comprehensive understanding of MH pathophysiology across species.
    • Comparative analysis of MH requires inclusion of all relevant physiological stress reactions.

    Findings:

    • The human stress reaction during malignant hyperthermia is a distinct physiological event.

    More Related Videos

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    07:56

    Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice

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    Thermal Imaging to Study Stress Non-invasively in Unrestrained Birds
    10:07

    Thermal Imaging to Study Stress Non-invasively in Unrestrained Birds

    Published on: November 6, 2015

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    Last Updated: May 30, 2026

    A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice
    08:22

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    Published on: July 1, 2021

    Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice
    07:56

    Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice

    Published on: August 25, 2012

    Thermal Imaging to Study Stress Non-invasively in Unrestrained Birds
    10:07

    Thermal Imaging to Study Stress Non-invasively in Unrestrained Birds

    Published on: November 6, 2015

  • Ignoring this aspect in porcine models leads to an incomplete translational understanding.
  • Accurate modeling of MH necessitates acknowledging species-specific stress responses.

    • Implications:

    • Future research on porcine MH models should incorporate human stress reaction parallels.
    • Clinicians and researchers must consider the full spectrum of MH responses.
    • Enhanced understanding can improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for malignant hyperthermia in both humans and animals.