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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...

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Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery
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Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery

Published on: June 23, 2023

[Haemorrhoidal disease in pregnancy].

Laurent Abramowitz1, Dalila Benabderrhamane, Julie Philip

  • 1Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, unité de proctologie médicochirurgicale, 75722 Paris cedex 18, France. laurent.abramowitz@bch.aphp.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|August 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Thrombosed external hemorrhoids and anal fissures are common in pregnant and postpartum women, often linked to difficult defecation. Medical management is typically sufficient for these conditions.

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Assessment of Maternal Vascular Remodeling During Pregnancy in the Mouse Uterus
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Published on: December 5, 2015

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Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery
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Assessment of Maternal Vascular Remodeling During Pregnancy in the Mouse Uterus
06:55

Assessment of Maternal Vascular Remodeling During Pregnancy in the Mouse Uterus

Published on: December 5, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • External hemorrhoid thrombosis impacts 8% of women in late pregnancy and 20% postpartum.
  • Anal fissures occur in 15% of deliveries.
  • Dyschesia is the primary identified risk factor for both conditions.

Purpose:

  • To outline the incidence, diagnosis, and management of thrombosed external hemorrhoids and anal fissures in peripartum women.

Summary:

  • Treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids involves local therapies (corticosteroids, anesthetics), stool regulation, and paracetamol; NSAIDs are permissible postpartum if not breastfeeding.
  • Surgical intervention is rarely indicated due to effective medical management.
  • Anal fissures present with anal pain and rectal bleeding, and share dyschesia as a risk factor.

Impact:

  • Highlights the prevalence and manageable nature of these conditions, emphasizing medical treatment over surgery.
  • Underscores the importance of considering dyschesia in the differential diagnosis and management strategy.