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Related Concept Videos

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

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Genomic selection for maternal traits in pigs.

M Lillehammer1, T H E Meuwissen, A K Sonesson

  • 1Nofima, N-1430 Ås, Norway. marie.lillehammer@nofima.no

Journal of Animal Science
|August 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic selection significantly boosts genetic gain and reduces inbreeding in pigs compared to traditional methods. Genotyping females is key for maximizing accuracy and improving maternal traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Breeding and Genetics
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Genomic Selection

Background:

  • Improving maternal traits in pigs is crucial for economic efficiency.
  • Conventional breeding schemes face limitations in accelerating genetic gain.
  • Genomic selection offers a promising alternative for enhancing breeding programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of different genomic selection designs against conventional and progeny testing schemes for pig maternal traits.
  • To evaluate the impact of genotyping strategies on genetic gain and inbreeding rates.
  • To determine the optimal implementation of genomic selection for maternal trait improvement in pigs.

Main Methods:

  • Stochastic simulation of a pig population was employed.
  • Comparison of genomic selection designs with conventional and progeny testing schemes.
  • Analysis of genetic gain and inbreeding rates under various genotyping scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Genomic selection increased genetic gain by 23-91% and reduced inbreeding compared to conventional selection.
  • Genotyping dams alongside male candidates enhanced accuracy, genetic gain, and decreased inbreeding.
  • Genotyping more females than males resulted in greater genetic gain due to higher selection accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic selection is highly effective for improving maternal traits in pigs, especially when females are genotyped.
  • Implementing genomic selection can substantially increase genetic gain and manage inbreeding rates.
  • Strategic genotyping of females is essential for achieving high accuracy in pig breeding programs.