Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
Published on: February 15, 2016
Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants
Qun Xu1, Liyan Wang, Fenglan Xing
1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006 People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
A series of novel dissymmetric gemini cationics surfactants was synthesized by three-step reactions. The dissymmetric gemini surfactants contain a dodecanoic acid dimethylethylamine ester as the constant cationic part on one side of the hydroxypropyl center and a similar other cationic part, but with a different acid length (from octanoic to palmitic), on the other side. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γ(CMC)) were determined. The surface tension measurements of dissymmetric gemini surfactants showed good water solubility, and low CMC had great efficiency in lowering the surface tension and a strong adsorption at the air/water interface. The CMC was observed to increase initially with the increase of the ester bond alkyl group. They also showed good foaming properties and wetting capabilites.
Related Concept Videos
Surface Active Agents
Micelles
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds
Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism
In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers.

