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The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
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Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection
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Molecular pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Christof Schneider1, Laura Pasqualucci, Riccardo Dalla-Favera

  • 1Institute for Cancer Genetics and the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Clinical Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.

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Summary

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) pathogenesis is better understood through gene expression profiling and advanced sequencing. This review details the diverse genetic lesions found across different DLBCL subtypes.

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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
15:07

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Published on: December 28, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
  • Gene expression profiling has identified distinct phenotypic subgroups and transcriptional programs within DLBCL.
  • Emerging technologies have uncovered novel genetic lesions contributing to DLBCL development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diversity of genetic lesions identified in various subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the molecular underpinnings of DLBCL heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies utilizing gene expression profiling.
  • Analysis of data from next-generation whole genome/exome sequencing.
  • Examination of findings from genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identification of distinct genetic lesions associated with different DLBCL subtypes.
  • Elucidation of specific genetic alterations driving disease pathogenesis.
  • Highlighting the molecular heterogeneity within DLBCL.

Conclusions:

  • The genetic landscape of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is complex and heterogeneous.
  • Understanding these diverse genetic lesions is crucial for targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes.
  • Continued research into DLBCL pathogenesis will refine classification and treatment strategies.