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Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
John D Breckenridge1, James H McAuley
1Central West Orthopaedics & Sports Physiotherapy, Sydney and The University of Sydney.
Journal of Physiotherapy
|August 17, 2011
Summary
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) effectively measures shoulder pain and disability in patients. Its reliability and validity are well-established, making it a valuable tool for clinical assessment.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
- Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy
- Health Outcomes Research
Background:
- Shoulder pain and disability significantly impact patient quality of life.
- Accurate measurement tools are essential for assessing shoulder conditions and treatment effectiveness.
- The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was developed to address this need in outpatient settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the development and characteristics of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI).
- To review the scoring, reliability, and validity of the SPADI.
- To highlight its application across various shoulder conditions and patient populations.
Main Methods:
- The SPADI was developed with 13 items assessing pain and disability.
- Two versions exist: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS).
- Scoring involves summing subscales and transforming to a 0-100 score.
Main Results:
- The SPADI demonstrates high internal consistency (Cronbach's α > 0.90) and good construct validity.
- Reproducibility has improved significantly, with ICCs ≥ 0.89 in recent studies.
- The SPADI is responsive to change and discriminates between improving/deteriorating conditions, with minimal clinically important difference of 8 points.
Conclusions:
- The SPADI is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring shoulder pain and disability.
- It is suitable for diverse patient groups, including those with rotator cuff disease, osteoarthritis, and adhesive capsulitis.
- The SPADI is a valuable tool for clinical practice and research in shoulder conditions.
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