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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Updated: May 30, 2026

Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage
07:57

Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage

Published on: November 20, 2016

Eliminating preventable death on the battlefield.

Russ S Kotwal1, Harold R Montgomery, Bari M Kotwal

  • 1US Army Special Operations Command, 2929 Desert Storm Dr, Fort Bragg, NC 28310, USA. russ.kotwal@us.army.mil

Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|August 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A novel casualty response system integrating Tactical Combat Casualty Care and trauma registry data significantly reduced battlefield deaths. This data-driven approach improved survival rates and offers a model for both military and civilian trauma care.

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Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (Propensity Score) using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (Propensity Score) using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Military Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Battlefield survival is critically dependent on rapid and effective casualty care.
  • Integrating prehospital trauma registries with established care guidelines can identify areas for improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel command-directed casualty response system.
  • To assess survival rates in a system integrating Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) guidelines and a prehospital trauma registry.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of battle injury data from combat deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan (2001-2010).
  • Focus on casualties from the 75th Ranger Regiment, comparing outcomes with Department of Defense-wide data.
  • Scrutiny of casualties for preventable adverse outcomes and opportunities for care improvement.

Main Results:

  • The 75th Ranger Regiment experienced lower killed-in-action (10.7%) and died-of-wounds (1.7%) rates compared to the general military population (16.4% and 5.8%, P=.04 and P=.02).
  • Of 32 fatalities, none were due to infection, and only one was potentially survivable in a hospital setting, indicating high prehospital care effectiveness.
  • Nonmedical personnel provided substantial prehospital care, highlighting the system's broad reach.

Conclusions:

  • A command-directed casualty response system, incorporating TCCC training and trauma registry feedback, significantly reduced combat deaths.
  • This data-driven approach led to unprecedented reductions in killed-in-action and died-of-wounds fatalities.
  • The system serves as a model for improving prehospital trauma care and casualty outcomes in both military and civilian settings.