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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
07:08

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

Published on: February 2, 2024

Pancreatic involvement by plasma cell neoplasms.

Rodrigo Lopes da Silva1

  • 1Hospital Santo António dos Capuchos-CHLC, Alameda Santo António dos Capuchos, 1169-050, Lisbon, Portugal. ronolosi@gmail.com

Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer
|August 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Plasma cell neoplasms rarely involve the pancreas, causing obstructive jaundice. Early diagnosis via imaging and biopsy is crucial for effective treatment, including chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Pancreatic involvement by plasma cell neoplasms is exceptionally rare, with only 50 cases documented.
  • These can manifest as primary extramedullary plasmacytoma or secondary to plasma cell myeloma.
  • Clinical presentation typically involves a pancreatic head mass causing obstructive jaundice and abdominal pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the rarity and diagnostic considerations of pancreatic plasma cell neoplasms.
  • To emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment for potentially curable conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Initial diagnosis relies on abdominal imaging (CT scan, endoscopic ultrasound) and fine-needle aspiration.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis and flow cytometry are essential for confirming plasma cell neoplasm diagnosis by assessing monoclonality.

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Ultrasound-Guided Orthotopic Implantation of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
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Ultrasound-Guided Orthotopic Implantation of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

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Growing Desmoplastic Three-Dimensional Pancreatic Cancer Spheroids from Co-Culture
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Growing Desmoplastic Three-Dimensional Pancreatic Cancer Spheroids from Co-Culture

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
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Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

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Ultrasound-Guided Orthotopic Implantation of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
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Ultrasound-Guided Orthotopic Implantation of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Published on: November 19, 2019

Growing Desmoplastic Three-Dimensional Pancreatic Cancer Spheroids from Co-Culture
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Main Results:

  • Pancreatic plasma cell neoplasms present as masses, often in the head, leading to biliary obstruction.
  • Diagnostic confirmation requires specialized techniques beyond initial imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma cell neoplasms are treatable and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses and obstructive jaundice.
  • Management options include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, and novel therapies like immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors, potentially followed by stem cell transplantation.