Mastopexy: modification of periwinkle shell operation. Ten years of experience

Degrees I and II ptosis and atrophy of the female breast can definitively be corrected by the modified periwinkle shell operation. More problematic are the long-term results after correction of a degree III condition, especially when silastic prostheses for augmentation have been used. The long-term results can be optimized by a combination of dermal and glandular mastopexy and mammary implants.