Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis
Published on: February 16, 2020
Microwave assisted preparation of C1-C11 oxygen-bridged pregnanes
Lautaro D Alvarez1, Juan M Sonego, Adriana S Veleiro
1Departamento de Química Orgánica and UMYMFOR, CONICET-UBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract:
1,11-Epoxysteroids may be obtained by an intramolecular remote functionalization using Suarez reagent (diacetoxyiodobenzene/I(2)) and irradiation with visible light. We have found that photolysis with visible light may be advantageously replaced by microwave irradiation to prepare 1,11-oxygen bridges resulting in higher yields and shorter reaction times especially in the case of sensitive substrates. Both methodologies were compared on a set of representative 11-α-hydroxypregnanes (3, 8, 10 and 11).
Related Concept Videos
Preparation of Epoxides
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes
Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation
Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction
Preparation of Alkynes: Dehydrohalogenation
Alkynes can be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of vicinal or geminal dihalides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide in liquid ammonia. The reaction proceeds with the loss of two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX) via two successive E2 elimination reactions.
Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

