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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
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Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
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Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
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Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
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Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

Adapting Gastrointestinal Organoids for Pathogen Infection and Single Cell Sequencing under Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) Conditions
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[Infectious enteritis].

H-J Epple1, M Zeitz

  • 1Medizinische Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie, Rheumatologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Deutschland. hans-joerg.epple@charite.de

Der Internist
|August 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious diarrhea is a common global illness, often caused by contaminated food. Fecal microbial analysis and specific therapy may be needed for severe cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Context:

  • Infectious diarrhea is a leading cause of illness worldwide.
  • Contaminated food is a primary transmission route in developed nations, alongside person-to-person contact for enteric viruses.
  • Norovirus, Rotavirus, Campylobacter, and Salmonella are the predominant pathogens in Germany, accounting for over 90% of cases.

Purpose:

  • To outline the epidemiology and common causes of infectious diarrhea.
  • To describe current therapeutic approaches for infectious diarrhea.
  • To identify indications for fecal microbial analysis and specific treatments.

Summary:

  • Infectious diarrhea, a frequent global infection, is caused by diverse microbial pathogens.
  • Foodborne transmission is prevalent in developed countries, with exceptions for aerosolized enteric viruses.
  • Supportive care is the primary treatment, but fecal microbial analysis and targeted therapy are crucial for severe, prolonged, or complicated cases, including suspected outbreaks.

Impact:

  • Highlights the significance of specific pathogens in infectious diarrhea outbreaks.
  • Emphasizes the importance of supportive care and diagnostic interventions in managing infectious diarrhea.
  • Provides guidance on when to consider advanced diagnostics and targeted therapies for infectious diarrhea.