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Hydroxyapatite for keratoprosthesis biointegration.

Liqiang Wang¹, Kyung Jae Jeong, Homer H Chiang

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

|August 19, 2011

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Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating improves the integration of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) keratoprostheses with corneal tissue. This biomaterial enhancement reduces bacterial invasion and inflammation, promoting better ocular health outcomes.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Ophthalmology
Tissue Engineering

Background:

Keratoprosthesis (KPro) integration is crucial for preventing bacterial invasion and ocular injury.
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the primary material used in Boston KPro devices.
Improving biointegration of KPro with the cornea is a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating in enhancing KPro biointegration.
To evaluate HAp coating on PMMA as a model for Boston KPro.
To assess the impact of HAp coating on corneal cell interaction and implant stability.

Main Methods:

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were applied to PMMA surfaces using poly-dopamine and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid.

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Coatings were chemically and morphologically characterized using FTIR, EDX, and SEM.

Keratocyte proliferation was assessed in vitro, and implant explantation force was measured ex vivo in porcine corneas.

Inflammatory responses were evaluated in vivo in rabbit corneas.

Main Results:

HAp coatings were successfully synthesized on PMMA, confirmed by FTIR and EDX.
SEM revealed distinct HAp film morphologies, with 11-MUA yielding the most uniform coating.
HAp coatings promoted keratocyte proliferation and significantly increased the force required for PMMA cylinder explantation.
HAp coating reduced the inflammatory response around implanted PMMA.

Conclusions:

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating shows significant potential for improving the biointegration of keratoprostheses.
HAp-coated PMMA surfaces demonstrate enhanced biocompatibility and reduced inflammation.
These findings support the use of HAp-coated materials in the development of next-generation keratoprostheses.