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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Comparative RNA Structure Analysis of Nascent and Mature Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
09:12

Comparative RNA Structure Analysis of Nascent and Mature Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: February 27, 2026

Understanding the transcriptome through RNA structure.

Yue Wan1, Michael Kertesz, Robert C Spitale

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|August 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists can now map RNA structures across entire genomes, revealing the 'RNA structurome'. This structural view enhances understanding of gene regulation and RNA function.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • RNA structure plays a critical role in gene regulation and cellular functions.
  • Traditional transcriptome analysis focused on RNA sequences and expression levels.
  • Understanding RNA's three-dimensional structure is essential for a complete biological picture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the feasibility of annotating and comparing transcriptomes based on RNA structure.
  • To introduce the concept and initial insights into the 'RNA structurome'.
  • To highlight the potential of structural transcriptomics for discovering regulatory RNA elements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing computational prediction methods for RNA structure.
  • Employing high-throughput sequencing techniques to experimentally probe RNA structure.
  • Developing genome-wide measurements of RNA structure.

Main Results:

  • The study presents the first genome-wide view of the structural organization of a eukaryotic transcriptome, termed the 'RNA structurome'.
  • Experimental and computational approaches have converged to enable large-scale RNA structure analysis.
  • Feasibility of annotating transcriptomes based on structural information has been demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Structural analysis of the transcriptome ('RNA structurome') offers a new dimension to understanding RNA biology.
  • Advances in methods are crucial for refining and interpreting structural data.
  • This approach promises to identify novel regulatory RNA motifs and elucidate their roles in cellular processes, thereby advancing the understanding of RNA function.