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Ascending placentitis in the mare: A review.

C Cummins1, S Carrington, E Fitzpatrick

  • 1School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4. Carolyn.cummins@ucd.ie.

Irish Veterinary Journal
|August 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Ascending placentitis in mares, an infection of the uterus, can cause premature birth or abortion. Early detection via ultrasound and prompt treatment with antimicrobials and hormonal support improve foal viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Equine Science

Background:

  • Ascending placentitis is a late-term pregnancy complication in mares.
  • Bacterial infection of the uterus leads to abortion or premature, weakened foals.
  • Early detection and treatment are crucial for foal survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of ascending placentitis in mares.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely intervention for improved outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical signs include premature udder development, lactation, and vulvar discharge.
  • Diagnostic tools include trans-abdominal/rectal ultrasonography and hormone level monitoring (progesterone, relaxin).
  • Definitive diagnosis relies on histopathological examination of the chorioallantoic membrane.

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Main Results:

  • Affected fetal membranes are often thickened with fibronecrotic exudate, particularly at the cervical star.
  • Treatment involves antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, and hormonal support to prolong gestation.
  • Antibiotic sensitivity testing guides treatment for mares and at-risk foals.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and intervention significantly increase the chances of producing a viable foal.
  • Comprehensive treatment strategies are essential for managing ascending placentitis.
  • Prompt treatment benefits both the mare and the foal, reducing risks of sepsis.