Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...

Development of the Oral Microbiota

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Direct Effect of Caffeine on Diaphragmatic Muscles in Preterm Babies Through Ultrasonographic Examination.

Turkish archives of pediatrics·2024

Same author

Development and validation of a machine learning-based detection system to improve precision screening for medication errors in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2023

Same author

Development and validation of machine learning-based clinical decision support tool for identifying malnutrition in NICU patients.

Scientific reports·2023

Same author

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Support Detection of Neonatal Adverse Drug Reactions Based on Severity and Probability Scores: A New Risk Score as Web-Tool.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2022

Same author

Organic acidemias in the neonatal period: 30 years of experience in a referral center for inborn errors of metabolism.

Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM·2022

Same author

Recovery of cyanosis after esophageal intubation in a neonate with tracheal agenesis: a case report.

The Turkish journal of pediatrics·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Meconium aspiration syndrome: do we know?

Murat Yurdakök¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics

|August 23, 2011

Summary

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) can lead to meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in newborns, causing significant pulmonary and neurodevelopmental issues. Understanding the complex pathophysiology of MAS is crucial for improving infant outcomes.

Area of Science:

Neonatalogy
Perinatology
Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is common in term/post-term pregnancies.
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a serious complication, affecting at least 5% of infants exposed to MSAF.
MAS poses a significant threat with a notable case fatality rate and potential for long-term sequelae.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of meconium passage into amniotic fluid.
To explore the complex pathophysiology of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).
To discuss current management strategies and identify areas lacking sufficient evidence.

Main Methods:

Literature review of theories on meconium passage.
Analysis of the multifactorial pathophysiology of MAS.

More Related Videos

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

Published on: June 24, 2020

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

Published on: June 24, 2020

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Evaluation of current interventions and their evidence base.

Main Results:

Multiple theories exist for in utero meconium release, including GI maturation, fetal stress, and impaired clearance.
MAS pathophysiology involves mechanical obstruction, surfactant inactivation, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Current management recommendations include selective endotracheal suctioning for non-vigorous infants and surfactant administration; other interventions lack robust evidence.

Conclusions:

The exact mechanisms of meconium passage and MAS pathophysiology require further investigation.
Evidence for routine interventions like steroid therapy or prophylactic antibiotics in MAS is insufficient.
Long-term outcomes for MAS survivors, including asthma and hyperreactivity, warrant continued study.