Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Metallic Nanocomposites to Eliminate Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Published on: October 4, 2024
Synthesis and properties of vermiculite-reinforced polyurethane nanocomposites
Yuqiang Qian1, Chris I Lindsay, Chris Macosko
1Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
Abstract:
Natural vermiculite was modified by cation exchange with long-chain quaternary alkylammonium salts and then dispersed in polyether-based polyols with different structures and ethylene oxide/propylene oxide ratios. The dispersions were evaluated by X-ray scattering and rheology. In all polyol dispersions tested, polyols were intercalated into the vermiculite interlayers. Also, significant shear thinning behavior was observed. A large interlayer spacing of ∼90 Å was achieved in one polyol suitable for polyurethane elastomer synthesis. In polyurethane made with this polyol, clay platelets were extensively intercalated or exfoliated. The composites showed a >270% increase in tensile modulus, >60% increase in tensile strength, and a 30% reduction in N(2) permeability with a loading of 5.3 wt % clay in polyurethane. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the nanoclay interacts with the polyurethane hard segments.
Related Concept Videos
Reinforcement
Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus, increasing the frequency of that behavior. For example:
Corrosion of Reinforcement
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
Reinforcement Schedules
Once a behavior is learned,...
Reinforcements in Concrete
Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Reinforced Brick Masonry
To fortify brick walls...

