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Reduction in postnatal cumulative nutritional deficit and improvement of growth in extremely preterm infants

Thibault Senterre1, Jacques Rigo

  • 1Department of Neonatology, University of Liege, CHU de Liège, CHR de la Citadelle, Belgium. Thibault.Senterre@chu.ulg.ac.be

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 23, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Optimizing nutrition in extremely preterm (EPT) and very preterm (VPT) infants significantly reduced nutritional deficits. This improved postnatal growth and helped prevent growth restriction in these vulnerable newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Growth and Development

Background:

  • Extremely preterm (EPT) and very preterm (VPT) infants face significant nutritional challenges.
  • Optimizing nutritional protocols is crucial for improving outcomes in these vulnerable populations.
  • Gestational age (GA) influences nutritional deficits and postnatal growth trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of optimized nutritional protocols on cumulative nutritional deficits.
  • To evaluate the influence of gestational age (GA) on postnatal growth in EPT and VPT infants.
  • To identify key nutritional factors determining postnatal growth in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, nonrandomized, observational study design.
  • Inclusion of extremely preterm (EPT, <28 weeks) and very preterm (VPT, 28-30 weeks) infants.
  • Monitoring of cumulative nutritional deficits (kcal/kg, protein g/kg) and weight z-scores over 6 weeks.

Main Results:

  • Cumulative nutritional deficits were observed in both EPT and VPT groups during the first week.
  • Energy deficit remained significant in EPT infants even with high theoretical energy intake.
  • Early cumulative protein deficit was a primary determinant of postnatal growth over 6 weeks.
  • Weight z-scores initially decreased but generally increased within the first 6 weeks for most infants.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized nutritional policies can substantially decrease cumulative nutritional deficits in EPT and VPT infants.
  • Postnatal growth restriction can be prevented in preterm infants through optimized nutrition.
  • Early nutritional management is critical for achieving optimal growth outcomes in preterm neonates.
Abstract

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