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Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination

Whole-animal Imaging and Flow Cytometric Techniques for Analysis of Antigen-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses after Nanoparticle Vaccination

Published on: April 29, 2015

Nanoparticles for transcutaneous vaccination.

Steffi Hansen¹, Claus-Michael Lehr

¹Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland-HIPS, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research-HZI, Saarbruecken, Germany. steffi.hansen@helmholtz-hzi.de

Microbial Biotechnology

|August 23, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle-based vaccines offer a promising needle-free vaccination strategy, overcoming the skin barrier for enhanced immune responses. These advanced formulations improve antigen delivery and stability, potentially eliminating the need for booster shots.

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Preparation, Characteristics, Toxicity, and Efficacy Evaluation of the Nasal Self-Assembled Nanoemulsion Tumor Vaccine In Vitro and In Vivo

Preparation, Characteristics, Toxicity, and Efficacy Evaluation of the Nasal Self-Assembled Nanoemulsion Tumor Vaccine In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

Immunology
Nanotechnology
Dermatology

Background:

The skin's epidermis and dermis are rich in antigen-presenting cells (APCs), making the skin an attractive vaccination site.
Intradermal antigen application can elicit potent immune responses, but the stratum corneum (SC) presents a significant barrier.
Current methods involve intradermal injection or barrier disruption, while needle-free vaccination offers advantages in application and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the potential of nanocarriers for transcutaneous immunization.
To discuss how nanocarriers can overcome the skin barrier and enhance vaccine efficacy.
To review different nanocarrier systems for vaccine delivery and their associated challenges.

Main Methods:

Review of nanocarrier systems designed to penetrate the stratum corneum.
Discussion of nanocarrier advantages including antigen protection, enhanced APC uptake, and facilitated immune responses.
Analysis of sustained-release systems for prolonged antigen exposure.

Main Results:

Nanocarriers can be engineered to bypass the SC barrier.
Incorporation into nanocarriers protects antigens, improves APC processing, and aids in DNA vaccine delivery.
Sustained release from nanocarriers may reduce the need for booster vaccinations.

Conclusions:

Nanoformulations represent a dynamic research area for transcutaneous immunization.
Ultra-flexible liposomes, rigid nanoparticles, and hair follicle-targeting nanocarriers show promise.
Further investigation is needed to understand the potential and limitations of these nanocarrier systems.