MR imaging of multiple sclerosis simulating brain tumor.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Pathology

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) can present as a cranial mass lesion.
• This presentation is often indistinguishable from brain tumors clinically and radiologically.
• Misdiagnosis can lead to inappropriate surgical intervention and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the importance of recognizing multiple sclerosis presenting as a mass lesion.
• To discuss strategies for differentiating MS from brain tumors in such cases.
• To present a case of MS with significant cranial involvement and mass effect.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a patient with multiple sclerosis presenting as a mass lesion.
• Review of literature on MS presenting as mass lesions.
• Discussion of diagnostic challenges and pathological specimen preparation.

Main Results:

• The reported case of MS with mass effect was successfully treated with surgery and medical management.
• Proper specimen preparation is critical for accurate pathological diagnosis.
• Literature review suggests strategies for early detection of MS mass lesions.

Conclusions:

• Early and accurate diagnosis of MS presenting as a mass lesion is essential.
• Distinguishing MS from brain tumors requires careful clinical, radiological, and pathological evaluation.
• Adopting specific diagnostic strategies can prevent misdiagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.