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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract01:29

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.
Nose and Nasal Cavity01:24

Nose and Nasal Cavity

The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

The nose, snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea.

B Kotecha1

  • 1Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK. bhikkot@aol.com

Rhinology
|August 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Nasal obstruction worsens snoring and sleep apnea by causing mouth breathing. Nasal surgery can be a key treatment for these sleep-related breathing disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) stem from upper airway anatomical obstructions.
  • Nasal pathology frequently contributes to these conditions, impacting breathing during sleep.
  • Nasal obstruction promotes mouth breathing, destabilizing the airway and worsening sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted issues surrounding nasal obstruction in SRBD.
  • To review the efficacy of medical treatments and nasal dilators for SRBD.
  • To detail the implications of nasal surgery for managing sleep-related breathing disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on nasal obstruction and SRBD.

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  • Discussion of pharmacological and non-surgical interventions.
  • In-depth analysis of the role and outcomes of surgical interventions for nasal obstruction in SRBD.

    • Main Results:

    • Nasal obstruction is a significant factor in the development and exacerbation of SRBD.
    • Medications and nasal dilators offer partial relief for some patients.
    • Nasal surgery demonstrates considerable potential in improving or resolving SRBD in select patient populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Addressing nasal obstruction is crucial for managing snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.
    • Nasal surgery can be an effective therapeutic option for improving sleep-related breathing disorders.
    • Comprehensive evaluation of nasal anatomy is essential for successful SRBD treatment.