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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Influenza01:27

Influenza

Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
Coronavirus01:29

Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

An Efficient Method for Adenovirus Production
10:06

An Efficient Method for Adenovirus Production

Published on: June 10, 2021

Adenovirus.

Joseph P Lynch1, Michael Fishbein, Marcela Echavarria

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. jplynch@mednet.ucla.edu

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|August 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adenoviruses (AdV) cause mild infections but can lead to severe disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals. While vaccines exist for respiratory AdV, treatments for severe infections remain controversial.

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Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
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Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Published on: April 4, 2019

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An Efficient Method for Adenovirus Production
10:06

An Efficient Method for Adenovirus Production

Published on: June 10, 2021

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
11:48

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Published on: April 4, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adenoviruses (AdV) are common DNA viruses causing mild respiratory, GI, or conjunctival infections.
  • Severe manifestations and higher fatality rates (over 50%) occur in immunocompromised patients and untreated severe pneumonia.
  • Over 50 AdV serotypes exist, with varying tissue tropisms, geographic prevalence, and temporal shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and management of Adenovirus infections.
  • To highlight the risks associated with AdV in specific populations, including children and immunocompromised individuals.
  • To discuss current treatment options and the status of vaccine availability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Adenovirus (AdV) infections.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, serotype variations, and transmission patterns.
  • Evaluation of treatment efficacy and vaccine effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • AdV infections range from mild to severe, with rare but serious complications like hepatitis and encephalitis.
  • Epidemics can occur in closed settings, and disease severity is increased in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Cidofovir is a potential treatment for severe AdV, though not all cases require intervention. Vaccines are effective but not widely available.

Conclusions:

  • Adenovirus infections present a spectrum of illness, necessitating awareness, particularly in vulnerable populations.
  • Effective vaccines exist for respiratory AdV, but their current unavailability limits widespread prevention.
  • Management of severe AdV infections requires careful consideration due to limited therapeutic trial data.